Piero Gobetti on Liberal Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Piero Gobetti on Liberal Revolution - Essay Example The entrepreneur perfect of estrangement of work was one of the key drivers of his unrest. As indicated by him, change must be accomplished through a total disassembling of the building of intensity as spoke to in the extremist arrangement of government. It was a result of this conviction that he upheld complete reshaping of the general public in manners that could catch the interests of the represented. Commonly, the possibility of a famous upheaval was considered as one of his inevitable destinations. He spread the possibility of unrest through his distributions and the journalistic compositions he was occupied with both at home and during his life in a state of banishment. As per him, it was unseemly for the assembly line laborers to keep serving under the domineering forces of the decision tip top since they would never explain their suppositions as per the standards of majority rule government. The removing of the forces of the decision as per him spoke to the efficient concealm ent of the privileges of the administered through a framework that would never be spoken to through a functioning apportionment of the privileges of the dominant part. On this score, Gobetti is broadly viewed as a progressive who changed the course of the Italian political procedure. He appropriated the standards of Marxism in manners that restricted the political procedures spoke to in the thinking about the Italian government. ... He appropriated the standards of Marxism in manners that contradicted the political procedures spoke to in the thinking about the Italian government. As a resolute devotee of the Marxist methods of reasoning of famous transformation by the average workers, Gobetti accepted that genuine change in the Italian Political structure must be accomplished through the dynamic resistance to the extremist business as usual. All things considered, he was against the perspectives spread by the general public, which demanded the dynamic portrayal of the political force through a concentrated administration in the feelings and perspectives on the decision tip top. There was an expanding conviction that a portion of the issues appropriated in political tenet should speak to the perspectives on the resistance. Because of this explanation, Gobetti was regularly condemned as an extreme adversary of the legislature for the explanation of profiting the resistance. Such cases prompted a portion of the tes ted he looked as a scholar, columnist, and dissident. Gobetti’s brand of upset consolidated a scope of standards that joined the beliefs of Marxism and other liberal methods of reasoning so as to rock the boat on which the Fascist arrangements were administered. On this score, it could be contended that a portion of the issues relating the control of the state and government were transparently oppressed under the total system. His beliefs were steady with the standards of well known freedom as upheld in the goals of Marx and different scholars who had flourished in the eighteenth and twentieth hundreds of years. On this issue, it may be contended that a portion of the standards he held were tied down on his profound relationship with the perspectives and yearnings of the larger part. Nonetheless, he was restricted by the way that a significant part of the Italian culture had

How humans activities are altering biogeochemistry and cycling in the water cycles Essay

Men have been included into various exercises that are focused on the creation of significant merchandise and different items for his endurance. Through the work the different activity towards creation of merchandise and ventures, there are typically those side-effects which maybe are discharged as waste to our condition in which we live. By and large, any adjustment in the earth’s substance structure would have a potential changes in the biota and even the climatic conditions. It is accepted that the creation of these squanders that are discharged to the different situations has essential effects of changing the regular earth science. The modification of earth’s science influences the patterns of nature like the water cycles which is without anyone else an essential piece of the biogeochemistry. Because of the high effects which may result from the compound progress of the earth, it is central that the human exercises are seen to known the techniques where humankind may add to these biogeochemistry changes. . (Hallock and Schlager, 1986) Agricultural sewage Man has consistently depended on farming for his fulfillment of food necessity. The expansion in populace has prompted the strengthening and broad utilization of land. Because of the overpopulation, attack of infertile grounds has been endeavored to expand the physical land accessible for horticultural exercises. The act of the food and creature items in the vast majority of these territories call the use of either water system methods or utilization of soil improving supplements. The greater part of these substances which are utilized in the dirt advance are manures which are delivered from agrarian ventures. (Hallock and Schlager, 1986) The agrarian squanders are accordingly expected to contain hints of destroyed particles and particles of iron from the plant produce. Notwithstanding the existences of iron, other concoction materials required for the creation of compound manures somewhat finds their way in the sewage squanders. This may incorporates certain concoction, for example, magnesium. Iron and magnesium in the earth’s soil might be impacted by the nearness of different particles inside the water and soils frameworks. The presentation of these polluting influences of iron and magnesium to the lakes significantly influences the arrangement of the compound particles in the lake water frameworks. These particles of iron and magnesium respond with other plenteous particles inside the water frameworks, for example, sulfate and nitrate shaping new mixes adjusting the synthetic structures (Back, 1979) In the earthly land particularly in those territories water catchments, sulfates and nitrate particles assumes a significant job. They are accepted to participate in the control of the degree of these iron and magnesium. The extreme discharged of these iron and magnesium particles from farming squanders would for the most part change the capacity of control of such particles causing them to aggregate to more elevated level where they to can be named as toxins. The impact of iron and magnesium particles anyway different as their control level by the nitrate and sulfates particles of and furthermore rely upon the degree of profundity. This implies over the top arrival of these particles would likewise influence the nitrates and sulfate particles in the waters frameworks and soil. (Vollenweider, 1968) Addition of synthetic composts Man’s movement of soil advancement to improve its fruitfulness level is another manners by which the concoction sytheses of the earth have been changed. The greater part of the cultivating lands have for long time been under development prompting consumption and diminishing of plant supplements. The utilization compound composts have consistently been of prime use to the alleviation of soil richness for high land efficiency. Using these compound, some have been too much utilized with the end goal that plant don't use them completely. In most case they stay stuck the dirts were they tough situation with water accessible for it to be disintegrated. The sort of manures which profoundly in utilized is the potassium and sodium nitrates and sulfates which can undoubtedly be broken up. During high rainfalls that lead to flooding or the utilized of flood water system strategy, these concoction manures are spilled to the water frameworks at the encompassing spots henceforth there both a progressions of the compound sythesis in the earthbound land and in the amphibian frameworks. (Hallock and Schlager, 1986) The arrival of these substance particles to the water sources like lakes is of foremost significance of the aquatics lives. For occurrences, the improvement of the water condition with nitrate particles prompts fast growing and advancement of plant species. This speedy development of the plant dislodges the water volume by arriving at the development and breaking down to add to water particulate issue. Through the procedure of eutrophication, there is expanded plant rot therefore discharging huge amounts of carbon dioxide to the airs. (Bormann. what's more, Likens, 1970) Sewage slime Sewage has a few material structures other than the disintegrated synthetic substances. The greater part of the physical materials are dispensed with through the sewage treatment forms. Nonetheless, the division of the natural and inorganic materials causes men to make excrement or manure from the natural parts. In spite of the fact that the materials are treated for safe dealing with by the individual as compost materials, these excrement prompts collection of the sewage muck. The aggregation of the slime specifically dumping site changes the dirts concoction creation. These being for the most part natural materials, it implies that there high arrangement of carbon mixes which will be created in such refer to. Be that as it may, there are other concoction compound which are delivered by the common deterioration particular nitrates and in this way profoundly in the dirt synthetic structure. There deterioration of the materials in the muck discharges other synthetic, for example, calcium particles which are convertible to the different carbonates mixes. While the nitrates would empower rapids development in plants, the existences of calcium particles in the dirts quickens the dissolving of the dirt stone. (Bormann. what's more, Likens, 1970) The expansion in soil disintegration makes the paces of soils disintegrations high. As soils disintegration rates builds, there is relative increment in the silting procedure of the water sources, for example, waterways and lakes. This diminishing the water source profundity and consequently decrease of water volumes. The drawn out impacts of the silting procedure in that end of the waters bodies is probably going to happen. (Back, 1979) Conclusion Through the utilization of sewage stacking to the lake has high effect on the water source. This is on the grounds that there is a mass exchange of compound substances legitimately and in a roundabout way to the framework. The acts of the sewage stacking to the lakes has the possibilities of upsetting the water biological system through the arrangement of poisonous blossoms and the silting of the lake by disintegrations and rot procedure of the tremendous plants materials framed from substantial and quick gracefully of fundamental items. This shows condition of the lake is probably going to change and be including plants as the significant vegetation and living thing. The expansion in CO2 gas because of plant rot procedures would cause a significant change in the natural temperatures as this is a significant green gas toxin. Notwithstanding expanded CO2 gas discharge; there would be incredible decrease of the oxygen flexibly in the lakes because of plant spread over the water surface driving low help of amphibian life forms and creature (Vollenweider, 1968) Reference: Back, W. (1979), Geochemical noteworthiness of groundwater release and carbonate disintegration to the arrangement of Caleta Xel Ha, Mexico, Quintana Roo Bormann, F. also, Likens, G. (1970), Nutrient Cycling Hallock, P. , and Schlager, W. (1986), Nutrient overabundance and the death of coral reefs and

How to Cope With a Personality Disorder

How to Cope With a Personality Disorder BPD Print How to Cope With a Personality Disorder Strategies for Feeling Your Best By Amy Morin, LCSW facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our editorial policy Amy Morin, LCSW Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 05, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 25, 2019  Caiaimage / Paul Bradbury / Getty Images More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions In This Article Table of Contents Expand Types Work Self-Care Relationships Health Parenting Treatment View All Back To Top Approximately 9 percent of the general population has a personality disorder. Despite the high prevalence, many individuals with personality disorders don’t know they have one, let alone understand how to cope with one. By definition, a personality disorder involves one or more pathological personality traits that create significant impairment in an individual’s life. The features must be stable across time and consistent across situations. Learning how to cope with a personality disorder is key to functioning at your best. With professional support, you can learn how to manage all aspects of your life. Types of Personality Disorders The DSM-5 recognizes 10 different personality disorders. And while each personality disorder involves different symptoms and treatments, there are some strategies that can help anyone living with a personality disorder cope better. Personality disorders are separated into three different Clusters or groups: Cluster A â€" Includes odd, bizarre, and eccentric behavior. Paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizotypal personality disorder are Cluster A disorders.Cluster B â€" Refers to dramatic and erratic personality disorders. Antisocial personality disorder, borderline personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder are Cluster B disorders.Cluster C â€" Involves anxious and fearful personality disorders. Avoidant personality disorder, dependent personality disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are Cluster C disorders. Work Solutions to maintaining a jobâ€"and working in an environment you enjoyâ€"depend on the type of personality disorder you have. For example, someone with narcissistic personality disorder may do well in a leadership position (at least in the short-term). Narcissistic personality disorder involves a grandiose view of oneselfâ€"something that may lend itself to being in charge. Individuals with narcissistic personality disorder may be viewed as tyrants by their colleagues which can cause long-term problems. By nature, they tend to lack empathy and may have little compassion for other employees. Someone with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder may struggle to be productive. Their perfectionism makes it difficult (if not impossible) to complete tasks. Some people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder may immerse themselves in work at the expense of friends and family. Know Yourself No matter which type of personality disorder you have, one of the keys to succeeding at work is to recognize your patterns. Do you have a history of losing your temper in the office? Do you struggle with productivity? Do you get fired after a couple of months or do you tend to quit jobs after only a few weeks? While recognizing workplace patterns won’t solve the problem, self-awareness can help you identify changes you want to make. In conjunction with a therapist, you may be able to identify strategies that prevent you from repeating the cycle. Another key to living your best life when you have a personality disorder is finding the right job.  Someone with avoidant personality disorder, for example, is likely to feel overwhelmed as a sales professional in a crowded office. But, that same individual may do well to work in a smaller environment with a few trusted colleagues. It’s also important to consider whether you should reveal your personality disorder to anyone in the workplace. There’s certainly a stigma attached to mental illness. But, notifying a hiring manager when you apply for a job could ensure that your employer will make reasonable accommodations for you. Self-Care The emotional pain associated with a personality disorder may cause you to turn to unhealthy coping skills for instant relief. Abusing drugs or alcohol, smoking, overeating, or self-harm are just a few of the strategies you might be tempted to turn to when you’re having a hard time. Individuals with Cluster B personality disorders are at a greater risk for suicide attempts. Feeling abandoned, being rejected, or experiencing a career-related crisis are some of the factors that may increase an individual’s suicide risk. A healthy self-care plan may reduce that risk. Some people with personality disorders struggle with basic self-care. They struggle to maintain their household and their health. They may require assistance to stay organized, manage their finances, and attend appointments. Some individuals with personality disorders do well for a time but then become dysregulated. Then, their symptoms and behaviors become increasingly disruptive. A healthy self-care plan can reduce some of the ups and downs. Why Self-Care Is So Important Relationships One of the hallmarks of a personality disorder is interpersonal problems. Each personality disorder presents a slightly different challenge when it comes to relationships. People with paranoid personality disorder have a pervasive distrust of others, including friends, family members, and partners. They’re constantly looking for clues that validate their fears that other people are out to get them. Consequently, people with paranoid personality disorder struggle to form and maintain relationships. People with histrionic personality disorder strive to be the center of attention. They depend on approval for others to feel OK. They take great care in their appearance and may seem insincere, superficial, overly charming, or inappropriately seductive. Their behavior can repel peopleâ€"which is very distressing to them. And the more rejected they feel, the more histrionic they may become. People with dependent personality disorder have an excessive need for help making everyday decisions. They often defer important life decisions to other people. They see themselves as helpless and have a major fear of loss of support or approval. They view other people as protective and more competent than they are. They can be easily victimized by people who take advantage of their neediness. Some people with personality disorders manage casual relationships quite well. But, close relationships can be quite difficult for them. Others, though, actually do best when they’re involved in close relationships. Being in a stable partnership, for example, may reduce symptoms. Establishing healthy relationships is often a goal of treatment for personality disorders. In order to reach those goals, people with personality disorders may need to learn new social skills, learn healthy ways to regulate their emotions, or improve their self-worth. It’s important for partners, parents, or adult children to be educated about an individual’s personality disorder. They may be invited to attend family therapy or may be encouraged to attend a support group. Health People with personality disorders are at a greater risk for health issues. They also have a reduced life expectancy. One study found that women with Cluster B disorders are more likely to experience syncope, seizures, and arthritis, Cluster A personality disorders are more likely to experience gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Cluster C are more likely to experience higher rates of recurrent headaches. Sleep Personality disorders have also been linked to sleep disturbance. Many individuals with personality disorders, especially borderline personality disorder, report worse sleep quality than other people. Some studies have found, however, that sleep disturbances in individuals with personality disorders are on par with other mental illnesses, such as anxiety and depression. Pain Individuals with chronic pain are more likely to screen positive for antisocial or borderline personality traits. Individuals with borderline personality disorder report more chronic back/neck problems, headaches, fibromyalgia, visceral pain, and higher pain severity. Obesity Personality disorders have also been linked to obesity. Although people with any psychiatric disorder have greater odds of being overweight, individuals with personality disorders were more likely to be obese. Higher rates of personality disorders are seen among obese patients referred for bariatric surgery. In one study, adolescents diagnosed with any personality disorder were 1.84 times more likely to be obese 17 years later, even after adjusting for demographic characteristics. It’s important to take care of your physical health to live your best life. Attend appointments with your physician and follow medical advice. Having a supportive friend, family member, or case manager who can help you navigate the healthcare system can be helpful if you struggle to follow medical advice. Parenting A parent with a personality disorder can be very loving, warm, and nurturing. But, that same parent may face some special child-rearing challenges. A 2015 study that examined mothers with borderline personality disorder and their children found that the mothers with infants had less sensitivity toward their children and more difficulty identifying their child’s emotional state. They tended to be overprotective of older children. The children of mothers with borderline personality disorder had poorer mental health compared to other children. A 2017 study found that individuals scoring high in narcissism were likely to express little empathy toward their children. Additionally, they were unresponsive to their children’s needs and likely to be overly authoritarian or permissive with their children. If you have a personality disorder, you might benefit from therapy that targets your specific parenting needs. For example, a parent with narcissistic personality disorder may need to learn how to empathize with their children. Or, a parent with borderline personality disorder may benefit from learning how to improve their own emotion regulation skills. A parenting group, in-home parenting coach, or family therapy may also be options to help you become the best parent you can. Work With a Treatment Team There’s a common misconception that people with personality disorders don’t get better. But, treatment for many personality disorders can be quite effectiveâ€"although it’s often intensive. Many people with personality disorders also have other mental health conditions, like depression,  anxiety, and eating disorders. Studies show 42 percent of people with Cluster A personality disorders, 83 percent of people with Cluster B personality disorders, and 50 percent of people with Cluster C personality disorders have comorbid conditions. Studies also estimate 50 percent of individuals with personality disorders have substance use disorders, meaning they may abuse alcohol or be dependent on drugs. Treatment may involve simultaneously treating the substance use as well as the personality disorder. Or, an individual may need treatment for anxiety for while also undergoing treatment for the personality disorder. Therapy Treatment needs depend on the type of personality disorder a person has. But, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a common treatment strategy. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is a derivative of CBT and it’s been found to be very effective in treating borderline personality disorder. It focuses on teaching individual’s specific mindfulness, distress tolerance, emotion regulation, and interpersonal effectiveness skills. Traditional DBT treatment goes beyond one hour per week of therapy. It usually includes: Weekly individual therapy sessions to focus on managing crises and addressing how to create a life worth living.A two hour weekly skills training group. Members learn and practice specific skills each week and often, they’re assigned homework to help them begin implementing the skills in their everyday lives.Access to a phone number where a therapist can be reached 24 hours a day to help manage any crises. A therapist who is following the traditional DBT model is likely to have weekly access to a consultant to address any problems, questions, or motivational issues that are arising in treatment. Get Treatment With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs DBT may be used as part of treatment for other personality disorders as well. But it’s important to follow the advice of your treatment providers. You may be referred for psychological testing if a provider wants more information about your diagnosis, strengths, or weaknesses. Or, you may be referred to a psychiatrist if medication might be helpful. Some people with personality disorders benefit from case management. A case manager may offer services like arranging for transportation, making referrals to community resources, or organizing your calendar. Depending on your treatment needs, family members may be invited to be part of your treatment. It may be important for them to learn more about your personality disorder and how it affects you. How to Find a Therapist Thats Right for You

As A Society, We Are Being Continuously Taught Not To Stray

As a society, we are being continuously taught not to stray too far from tradition and from what previous generations have proven to follow. This insinuates the idea that we, as individuals, should follow tradition that includes stereotypical gender roles that existed. Throughout Euripides’ Medea, the audience and readers are shown the consequences that said gender roles create. They are a part of history that may never be overcome, as developed in the play. Gender roles may never be overcome in society, nevertheless it is important to remember that they do not define a person, let alone decide their fortune. Equality should not be perceived as an opinion, but as a right. By performing a feminist reading of Medea, it is evident that the†¦show more content†¦He tells Socrates that his wife came to him at fifteen, already knowing how to spin yarn, sew clothes, and cook. This shows that these were the sole expectations of women; they were not supposed to be smart or be able to work. Medea always does what she thinks is correct, which is a good mindset to have as it shows true independence. Through showing this quality in Medea, Euripides reinforces this quality that many people should possess. Euripides develops the idea that no matter what gender a person is, they can still be the protagonist of their own story and be confident in their decisions. This may have been slightly extreme on Medea’s part as it made her inevitably sad, although, she proved herself as slightly more â€Å"masculine†, as she did not exhibit the typical â€Å"feminine† hysteria. Even though she got her vengeance on Jason and did so independently, she still lost the most important thing in her life, her children. In some ways, Medea ultimately became the only person controlling her own destiny because she had reached her goal of getting vengeance, or in her own twisted sense, justice on Jason for what he did to her. â€Å"What point is there in living anymore?†(Euripides line 169), questions Medea, showing how much pain she was in, as well as the possibility that she feels as though she must be with a man to survive. This thinking creates the idea that to beShow MoreRelate dThe King of the Savannah is Becoming Extinct951 Words   |  4 PagesLions of certain ages help ensure that the African lion can continue breeding. There are so many different options but there are the fantastic three that have the best chance of saving these majestic creatures of the Sahara. Instead of small fences, we can start raising money to create a large reserve so that the lions can roam freely and comfortably as they please to. The African Lions would be far away from any harmful human contact. And another way that would benefit the lions, is the basic educationRead MoreAbstract. The Purpose Of This Paper Is To Explore My Personal1572 Words   |  7 Pageson what rules I live by in both my personal and professional life. Additionally, I will be given a corporate example of conflict and give a proposal on how to handle that conflict according to the rules given by Carl Sagan. Are the rules we live by the rules we live by utilized in our professional life? It is important to know that each person has their own set of beliefs and to understand where these beliefs and behaviors come from. Through careful thought and consideration I will stick to the goldenRead MoreIndividualism And Individuality In Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1546 Words   |  7 Pagestrue that is. We learn from a young age that it is better to fit in than stand out and that if one does stand out they will be ridiculed and teased into conforming. 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The way we perceive somethingRead MoreChildhood Obesity And Its Effects On Children3537 Words   |  15 Pagesunderstand that as a nation we have been battling our own obesity epidemic on a super sized scale. We are continuously reminded of the physical consequences of obesity but not much coverage has raised awareness to the psychological outcomes. It has always been declared that the future of our nation lies in the hands of its children. They are the dreamers and the doers. The future depends greatly on the ideals and habits of its youth. So it is only logical that we continuously ensure both the health andRead MoreMy Personal Journey On Social Work8705 Words   |  35 Pagesto save up money so I could pay for my next two years of schooling. 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Though they were invented to make life better for us in the first place, it is an undeniable fact that many of the gadgets have a negative influence upon the quality of our lives in some ways. As we cannot live without them in this modern world and they are a necessary evil, we have to find ways to reduce the negative impact of those modernRead MoreAppearance Discrimination in Employment22039 Words   |  89 Pagesmanagement commentary regarding appearance discrimination. The authors’ scrutiny exclusively focus upon employees being negatively impacted in the workplace due to their perceived â€Å"unattractiveness,† rather than the â€Å"reverse appearance discrimination† perspective, which was alleged in  Lorenzana v. Citigroup Inc  (2010)  by a former Citibank employee claiming that she was terminated for being â€Å"too hot† according to her filed complaint. Following this introduction section, the authors first provide some

Essay on Synthesis of Aspirin - 5275 Words

The Synthesis of Aspirin Chemistry Standard Level Lab Report Data Collection and Processing and Conclusion and Evaluation Date: December 8th, 2011 Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to synthesize aspirin, determine the theoretical yield, compare the percent yield to the theoretical yield and test the purity of aspirin by adding Iron (III) chloride to the product. Hypothesis: I hypothesize that salicylic acid will react with acetic anhydride to produce acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid (vinegar). Variables: Independent and controlled variables: The amount of sulfuric acid used for catalysis and the amount of salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Dependent variables: Theoretical and actual yield of†¦show more content†¦The aspirin crystals were washed by pouring 10 mL of water over them through the funnel. The filter paper, holding the aspirin crystals, was removed from the funnel and was left to dry before being weighed. Once the aspirin crystals were weighed, the theoretical yield and the percent yield of the experiment were calculated. The procedure was repeated once more using the same steps. Procedure for the test of purity of aspirin: 0.1 gram of salicylic acid was weighed in a tray and was then added to a test tube containing 2.0 mL of Iron (III) chloride, which was measured using a 10 mL graduated cylinder, to test for phenols. 0.1 gram of commercial aspirin was weighed in a tray and was then added to a second test tube containing 2.0 mL of Iron (III) chloride, which was measured using a 10 mL graduated cylinder, to test for phenols. This was repeated once more to validate results. 0.1 gram of my product from the first trial was weighed in a tray and was then added to a third test tube containing 2.0 mL of Iron (III) chloride, which was measured using a 10 mL graduated cylinder, to test for phenols. This was repeated once more to validate results. 0.1 gram of my product from the second trial was weighed in a tray and was then added to a fourth test tube containing 2.0 mL of Iron (III) chloride, which was measured using a 10 mL graduated cylinder, to test forShow MoreRelatedSynthesis Of Aspirin Synthesis825 Words   |  4 PagesSynthesis of Aspirin Erin Chase Arellano CHEM 12A ABSTRACT Acetylsalicylic or most commonly known as Aspirin is made through a combination of salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. It is use to relieve mild to moderate pain such as muscle pain, headaches and common cold and reduce fever. The objective of this experiment was to synthesize aspirin from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. The purity of aspirin was tested using the ferric chloride test and % yield was also calculated. Below drawingRead MoreSynthesis of Aspirin1618 Words   |  7 Pagesobjective was to convert a specific amount of salicylic acid into the same amount of aspirin that was high in purity. Furthermore, the other objectives were to enable students to conduct the synthesis of aspirin, reinforce skills or recrystallisation and the technique of melting point determination. The amount of each compound should be the same because there is a 1:1 ratio between them. The purity of the synthesized aspirin was measured by determining its melting point and percent yield. Soluble impuritiesRead MoreExperiment : Synthesis Of Aspirin1147 Words   |  5 PagesOctober 6th, 2014 Experiment 5: Synthesis of Aspirin Abstract: In today’s experiment, aspirin was synthesized using salicylic acid, acetic anhydride, a catalyst (concentrated sulfuric acid), and water. The main goal of this experiment was to synthesize pure aspirin. Another goal was to test aspirin’s purity by running a TLC and getting a melting point test done. Also, calculations of the theoretical yield and percent yield were done. 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In the reaction the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring in salicylic acid reacted with acetic anhydride to form an ester functional group. This method of forming acetylsalicylic acid is an esterification reaction. Since this esterification reaction is not spontaneous, sulfuric acid was used as a catalyst to initiateRead MoreSynthesis and Characterization of Aspirin Product Identity and Purity After synthesizing a1000 Words   |  4 PagesSynthesis and Characterization of Aspirin Product Identity and Purity After synthesizing a chemical, especially a drug, it is important to confirm the identity and purity of the product. You will perform three tests to examine the identity and purity of the aspirin that you synthesized. One test will detect the presence of leftover salicylic acid in the synthesized aspirin and allow you to determine its concentration. Government regulations stipulate that commercial aspirin must not contain residualRead MoreMicroscale Synthesis of Acetylsalicylic Acid1211 Words   |  5 PagesSynthesis of Aspirin Ling Tecson Gamido, Mitchiko Mariel M. Mizukami Abstract Acetylsalicylic acid, or also known as aspirin is known to be a drug that relives people of pain and is commonly used even today. It is synthesized from salicylic acid and ethanoic anhydride, both of small quantities. Phosphoric acid was used as a catalyst in the synthesis to speed up the process. Esterification is involved and the final product is aspirin with the presence of acetic acid as the byproduct. In orderRead MorePreparation of Aspirin and Determination of the Melting Point1445 Words   |  6 PagesPREPARATION OF ASPIRIN AND DETERMINATION OF THE MELTING POINT Ferrer, Lara Melissa V. Faculty of Engineering University of Santo Tomas Manila, Philippines ABSTRACT This experiment involved three steps: synthesis of aspirin, isolation and purification, and the estimation of purity of the final product. The synthesis involved the reaction of salicylic acid and acetic anhydride in the presence of a catalyst, phosphoric acid, H3PO4. When the aspirin was prepared, it was isolated and filtered. The percentageRead MoreThe Theory Of Green Chemistry On Microwave Heating Essay1532 Words   |  7 PagesObjective The current experiment introduces the concept of green chemistry on microwave heating to synthesise aspirin, instead of using conventional heating methods. Introduction Aspirin synthesis is a popular experiment undertaken in most organic chemistry teaching laboratories (Montes et al., 2006). Most experimental procedures for aspirin synthesis are undertaken to study the carbonyl nucleophilic substitution reactions either under basic or acidic conditions (Polshettiwar and Varma, 2008; VarmaRead MoreThe Synthesis Of A Medicinal Agent Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesThe Synthesis of a Medicinal Agent – Aspirin IDC 3002H – EMWH Dylan Chow 9/14/2016 Abstract: In this experiment, aspirin was synthesized from a reaction between salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Acetic anhydride was added to salicylic acid to create a solution and phosphoric acid was added to catalyze the reaction. After the salicylic acid was fully dissolved in a boiling water bath, water would be added to decompose the remaining acetic anhydride. Through the process of filtration, aspirin

Current Climate and the Need for MTSS Free Essays

Introduction/Current Climate and the Need for MTSS At this point in clip, pedagogues in our state are accountable for increasing pupil accomplishment more than they have at any old clip ( Guilfoyle, 2006 ) . Educators in America are confronted with increasing outlooks from national and province criterions along with an progressively diverse pupil base that challenge traditional manners of instruction and acquisition. In add-on to increasing criterions, answerability and a diverse pupil population, pedagogues are faced with behavioural issues that detract from quality schoolroom direction clip ( Public Agenda, 2004 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Current Climate and the Need for MTSS or any similar topic only for you Order Now The research conducted by Public Agenda ( 2004 ) stated that â€Å"of the 725 center and high school instructors surveyed, 97 % confirmed that good subject and behaviour are necessary for a school to boom. The survey reported that â€Å"77 % of instructors felt that their instruction would be better if riotous behaviours did non necessitate so much of their time† ( Public Agenda, 2004 ) . Additionally, schools are losing pupils in the passage between in-between school and high school with first-year academic rates on the diminution. Research from McIntosh and associates ( 2008 ) implied that Grade 9 academic public presentation was strongly connected to Rate 8 behavioural informations while â€Å"Grade 9 behaviour was predictable given Grade 8 academic performance† . Behavioral breaks in the schoolroom detract from direction clip, and that reduced clip finally affects academic public presentation. Logically, the clip that pupils miss finally antagonistic pupil advance ment toward graduation, which increases high school dropout rates ( McIntosh, Flannery, Sugai, Braun, A ; Cochrane, 2008 ) . Traditional manners of instruction that are more â€Å"reactive† than â€Å"proactive† no longer run into the demands of pupils, as schools face the conflict of increased examination and effort to non fall farther behind globally in faculty members. At Ottawa ( Kansas ) High School entirely, 91 out of the 174 pupils in the current eighth-grade category have been identified as necessitating extra academic intercession in respects to reading ( J. Blome, personal communicating, November 28, 2011 ) . Professionals who are used to learning in isolation are now being exposed to a more incorporate mentality in respects to information. Schmoker ( 2006 ) states that â€Å"Historically, schools have worked in silos where instructors provide direction independent from other professionals in the building.† These â€Å"silos† , in bend, traditionally cause pedagogues to group pupils with demands into wide â€Å"categories† such as particular instruction, gifted etc. ( Harlacher A ; Siler, 2011 ) . However, by grouping pupils into wide classs, single demands of pupils can be glossed over by these wide generalisations. The current clime demands that pedagogues meet the demands of all pupils by developing proactive intercessions at a systematic degree, instead than being reactive and puting our pupils in wide groups that do non run into their single demands. The clip is now in respects to â€Å"supporting kids both academically and behaviorally in order to enable them to make their full potency ( Horner et. al. , 2005 ) . In order to accomplish that end, school territories are get downing to implement â€Å"response-to-intervention† schemes, or in the province of Kansas, Multi-Tiered Systems ( MTSS ) of support. MTSS can be used district-wide, from Kindergarten to the 12Thursdayclass. For a focussed attempt, the undermentioned paper will specify and explicate the procedure of MTSS execution at the high school ( 9-12 ) degree with an accent in MTSS reading execution while supplying illustrations from Ottawa High School. Specifying MTSS, Its Purpose and Goals MTSS derives from a signifier of â€Å"Response-to-Intervention† ( RTI ) . Batche et al. , ( 2005 ) and Fuchs A ; Fuchs ( 2006 ) province that â€Å"RTI refers to the pattern of supplying high-quality, multi-tier direction and intercessions matched to students’ demands, supervising pupil advancement often, and measuring informations on pupil advancement to find the demand for particular instruction support† ( as cited in Averill and Rinaldi, September, 2011 ) . Basically, MTSS provides a systematic attack to reading, math and behavioural intercessions by utilizing research-based direction to all pupils within a school. The Kansas Department of Education ( 2011 ) defines MTSS as â€Å"a coherent continuum of evidence-based, system broad patterns to back up a rapid response to academic and behavioural needs.† The theoretical account is non an accreditation plan ; instead, it is a school betterment system that sets out to supply bar, support and early interc ession for all pupils within a school and territory. It can be adapted to a assortment of school accreditation plans from Quality Performance Accreditation ( QPA to the North Central Accreditation ( NCA ) . The school betterment program acts as an â€Å"overarching model that guides schools through a procedure of demands assessment and determination devising that assists in non merely choosing effectual patterns, but besides in making a sustainable aligned system† ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . The end of MTSS is to guarantee that every kid can be successful utilizing the resources from schools ( Kansas Multi-Tier System of Supports, 2011 ) . School territories besides do non necessitate to supply extra resources or add-ons to current patterns, but instead it identifies bing plans within the school environment. From at that place, MTSS â€Å"practices to place those that yield grounds of effectivity, turn toing countries that are losing, and replacing uneffective or inefficient attacks with those that are supported by research† ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . The ends of MTSS are besides accomplished by the followers: being bar oriented to supply support every bit early as possible each school twelvemonth and providing said supports ; using evidence-based intercessions for all pupils ; and utilizing informations to measure advancement and devising alterations when needed ( Kansas Multi-Tier System of Supports, 2011 ) . Model of MTSS-Tiered Learning As mentioned, MTSS wants to guarantee success for all pupils by utilizing a assortment of schemes from within the school. In respects to academic and behavioural direction, MTSS provides â€Å"tiers† of aid for pupils. Tier 1 aid focal points on supplying criterions and evidenced-based direction to all pupils within the school ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . At Ottawa High School, the current program for academic focal point is reading intercession execution by the following school twelvemonth. The program is in its babyhood, but disposal and the MTSS squad has identified two chief constituents within reading: comprehension and vocabulary. For illustration, the squad is entertaining the thought of implementing a system-wide vocabulary scheme within the school: LINCS ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . The scheme uses ocular imagination, anterior cognition and key-word mnemotechnic devices to make survey cards to help pupils in vocabulary and co mprehension ( LINCS Vocabulary Strategy, 2011 ) . All schoolrooms utilize vocabulary in one signifier or the other and a consistent, systematic attack from all instructors can help all pupils within Ottawa High School to heighten vocabulary development ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . Tier 2 aid occurs when instructors come across the inquiry, â€Å"‘what are we prepared to make when they do non larn? ’† Essentially, pupils who are non run intoing success in Tier I intercessions are identified through advancement monitoring and referred to Tier 2 intercession. Tier 2 intercessions involve predetermined extra intercessions and schemes based off of the specific accomplishment sets that pupils need to accomplish ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . For illustration, if pupils are identified as holding troubles with phonic consciousness for reading, they are placed on Tier 2 intercession and will have extra day-to-day support to help them with that accomplishment. At the high school degree, pupils are to have an excess 30 proceedingss of nucleus direction in little homogenous groups. Groups sizes at Tier 2 pupils range from four-to-six pupils ( Kansas Multi-Tier System of Supports†¦Reading, 2011 ) . Ottawa High School plans on accommodat ing its logistics to suit the demands of MTSS Reading Implementation. The program is to implement a seven hr twenty-four hours with each hr at 53-minute increases. A 30-minute day-to-day intercession period will be implemented for Tier 2 intercessions. Teachers identified as adept instructors will be approached to help the school with these reading intercessions, irrespective of content ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . Finally, Tier 3 aid occurs when pupils need extra support beyond the aid of Tier 2 intercession. While Tier 2 intercessions have standard intercession protocols for specific demands for pupils, Tier 3 aid becomes even more individualised as â€Å"the student’s instructors, counsellor, and parents consistently determine the issues that need to be addressed for the student† ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . Group sizes in Tier 3 intercessions range from one-to-three pupils and include frequent advancement monitoring to go on to drive evidence-based direction ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . Execution of Reading Practices of MTSS at the High School Level As stated, MTSS does non a stiff, fixed clip construction for execution. School territories can set the clip frame harmonizing to territory single demands. The procedure for execution can take from two old ages up to four old ages and is non precisely â€Å"linear† as the rhythm is cyclical, with uninterrupted betterment with module and pupils ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . Fixsen et. Al. ( 2005 ) province phases of execution as the followers: geographic expedition and acceptance ( the consideration that alteration is needed along with possible intercessions ) ; plan installing ( placing specific schemes to be used and taking resources to utilize said patterns ) ; initial execution ( first utilizations of MTSS patterns by staff ) , full execution ( at this point, skilled usage of patterns are used ) ; and eventually, sustainability, which is the consistent skilled usage of patterns as a everyday portion of the school twenty-four hours ( as cited in Kansas Departmen t of Education, 2011 ) . Presently, Ottawa High School is in the latter phases of the exploration/adoption phase. The program is for the school to come in the plan installing phase by early 2nd semester ( J. Blome, personal communicating, November 29, 2011 ) . Based off of demands of the school through research ( MAPP Assessments, Kansas Reading Assessments, figure of Fs in the school ) , disposal at Ottawa High School has targeted reading execution as the initial phase of MTSS. School leaders chose following year’s incoming first-year category ( this year’s current 8th class category ) as the first category to have MTSS reading execution. Administration decided to utilize one category following twelvemonth ( the fresher category ) as a â€Å"pilot† to implement MTSS, larning from strengths of the betterment program and leting for accommodations in schemes, protocols etc. After following twelvemonth, disposal programs to implement MTSS reading intercession school broad at Ottawa High Sch ool. MTSS is traveling to be implemented at the simple and middle-school degrees as good ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . As mentioned, MTSS is a territory and school-wide enterprise ; hence, all pupils in a high school receive MTSS Tier1 direction. In order to place pupils for MTSS Tier 2 and 3 intercessions for classs 9-12, all pupils must foremost take a cosmopolitan screener. The cosmopolitan screener determines if pupils are reading at grade degree. Universal screeners that can be used for initial appraisal include the MAP, NWEA, GRADE assessments etc. From at that place, pupils who do non run into grade degree are so given a curriculum-based measuring ( CBM ) provides information about specific reading accomplishment sets ( phonic consciousness, comprehension, vocabulary etc. ) from pupils that need betterment. CBMs that can be used in schools include the DIBELS or AIMSweb measuring. Finally, diagnostic procedures and appraisals that include phonics awareness screeners, formal appraisals, and phonological consciousness screeners are used to prove the students’ accomplishments and cognition ( Kansas Multi-Tier System of Supports Required Practices, 2011 ) . Students receive the differentiated and single direction based off of the Tier schemes discussed before in this paper ( see â€Å"Framework of MTSS-Tiered Learning† ) . In its current geographic expedition and acceptance phase, Ottawa High School is be aftering on utilizing the MAP appraisal as the territory universal screener for pupils. The MAP appraisal determines the lexile or reading degree of pupils. The appraisal will be given to the first-year category at the beginning of the 2012-13 school twelvemonth. Students who do non run into the 9th class reading degree will be identified as necessitating Tier 2 or 3 intercession. Currently, disposal has isolated the AIMSweb as the CBM that is to be used as the advancement monitoring appraisal in the school. Administration is presently weighing options on direction possibilities for Tier 2 and 3 intercessions. As mentioned, the school is be aftering on utilizing the LINCS vocabulary as a school-wide vocabulary option ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . Students are non needfully â€Å"stuck† in Tiers in MTSS. The end of MTSS is to guarantee the academic and behavioural success of every pupil, and the intercession Sessionss are to be intensive, dynamic personal businesss to supply aid when needed. The end of Ottawa High School is to acquire pupils from Tier 3 to Tier 2 and theoretically Tier 1 degrees. The end for Tier 1 pupils is to acquire their peculiar accomplishment deficiencies back to the Tier 1 degree. Once pupils have reached Tier 1 degrees, the intercessions end, although follow-up cheques and appraisals can be used ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . Guaranting the Success of Multi-System of Supports As a systematic, school-wide betterment enterprise, MTSS should non be viewed as â€Å"another manner to place pupils for particular instruction or every bit merely another manner to place pupils for particular instruction or as one department’s responsibility† ( Harlacher A ; Siler, 2011 ) . MTSS is a alteration in the manner pedagogues approach pupils and pupil acquisition. As antecedently stated, instructors are no longer isolated in their single â€Å"silos† in the MTSS theoretical account. The attack encourages faculty-wide aid and buy-in to guarantee its success. MTSS and other theoretical accounts of RTI â€Å"is viewed as a comprehensive, embedded procedure that involves the engagement and coaction of every individual in the building† ( Hughes A ; Dexter, n.d. ) . Teachers can go progressively defeated or apathetic about MTSS and RTI if they merely go through the gestures and do non per se believe in the motion. Ikeda et. Al. ( 2007 ) province th at â€Å"although some schools implemented patterns associated with RTI good, they did non incorporate the belief system associated with it.† Ultimately, the pedagogues must retrieve this chief mantra: pedagogues must retrieve what is best for the pupils. If the traditional manners of instruction and school betterment are non assisting our pupils win, pedagogues must set aside their comfort degrees and buy-in to the MTSS theoretical account if their territories decide to implement it. Harlacher and Siler ( 2011 ) province that â€Å"†¦part of the buy-in procedure should include an apprehension that extra support is provided earlier, is more targeted to students’ demand compared to old theoretical accounts of service bringing, and that the end of any intercession or instructional scheme is to rectify the identified problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Besides, MTSS and RTI are non â€Å"fixed models† as schools can accommodate the theoretical account contextually to run into their demands. The theoretical account does include extra attempt and work from instructors, but it does non necessitate instructors and territories to hold to develop extra resources in order to do it win. The intercessions and instructional schemes required with MTSS are provided by already bing resources within the territory. ( R. Cobbs, personal communicating, November 30, 2011 ) . For illustration, communicating between disposal and module can help pupils if there are structural alterations of MTSS reading execution within a school. Administration and module can place if group sizes need to be adjusted ; altering the frequence of progress-monitoring appraisals ; increasing instructional clip for Tier 2 or 3 degrees of support and altering the course of study ( Mercier Smith et. al. , 2009 ) . Finally, in order to make a sustainable clime of civilization for MTSS execution, important leading and a clear focal point of vision is required. The undermentioned non-negotiable points are required to farther guarantee success of MTSS: a territory leading squad if MTSS is territory driven ; active engagement of edifice decision makers in the territory leading squad ; members from the territory leading squad demand to hold authorization over territory direction and appraisals ; lucidity that MTSS is being implemented to help all pupils ; and execution of MTSS in all content countries must be supported by all school staff members ( Kansas Department of Education, 2011 ) . Decision Changing times in society require alteration in the educational system. For many pupils, traditional signifiers of instruction and traditional school betterment programs do non run into the demands of the diverse manners of acquisition of today’s pupils. If pupils are to truly â€Å"not be left behind† , they need a school betterment program that enables every kid to larn by placing the demands of each pupil. MTSS, through system-wide direction, intercession and aid, provides that single support that every pupil deserves in our schools today. How to cite Current Climate and the Need for MTSS, Essay examples

Isotopes, sub-atomic particles and relative atomic mass free essay sample

Isotopes, sub-atomic particles and relative atomic mass Sub-atomic particles A subatomic particle Is a particle smaller than an atom: It may be elementary or composite. In 1905, Albert Einstein demonstrated the physical reality of the photons, hypothesized by Max Planck in 1900, in order to solve the problem of black body radiation In thermodynamics. In 1874, G. Johnstone Stoney postulated a rnlnlmum unit of electrical charge, for which he suggested the name electron in 1891. In 1897, J. J. Thomson confirmed Stoneys conjecture by discovering the first subatomic particle, the electron (now denoted e-). Subsequent speculation about the structure of atoms was severely constrained by Ernest Rutherfords 1907 gold foll experiment, showing that the atom is mainly empty space, with almost all its mass concentrated in a (relatively) tiny atomic nucleus. The development of the quantum theory led to the understanding of chemistry in terms of the arrangement of electrons in the mostly empty volume of atoms. We will write a custom essay sample on Isotopes, sub-atomic particles and relative atomic mass or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Particle physics and nuclear physics concern themselves with the study of these particles, their interactions, and matter made up of them which do not aggregate Into atoms. These particles include atomic constituents such s electrons, protons, and neutrons (protons and neutrons are actually composite particles, made up of quarks), as well as other particles such as photons and neutrinos which are produced copiously In the sun. However, most of the particles that have been discovered and studied are not encountered under normal earth conditions; they are produced in cosmic rays and during scattering processes in particle accelerators. Isotopes Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element. While all isotopes of a given element share the same number of protons, each isotope differs from the others In its number of neutrons. Radioactive isotopes The existence of isotopes was first suggested in 1912 by the radiochemist Frederick Soddy, based on studies of radioactive decay chains which indicated about 40 1 OF3 ditterent species described as radioelements (i. e. radioactive elements) between uranium and lead, although the periodic table only allowed for 1 1 elements from uranium to lead. Several attempts to separate these new radioelements chemically had failed. For example, Soddy had shown in 1910 that mesothorium (later shown to be Ra-228), radium (Ra-226, the longest-lived isotope), and thorium X (Ra-224) are impossible to separate. Attempts to place the radioelements in the periodic table led Soddy and Kazimierz FaJans independently to propose their radioactive in 1913, to the effect that alpha decay produced an element two places to the left in the periodic table, while beta decay emission produced an element one place to the right. Soddy recognized that emission of an alpha particle followed by two beta particles led to the formation of an element chemically identical to the initial element but with a mass four units lighter and with different radioactive properties. Soddy proposed that several types of atoms (differing in radioactive properties) could occupy the ame place in the table. For example, the alpha-decay of uranium-235 forms thorium-231 , while the beta decay of actinium-230 forms thorium-230 The term isotope, Greek for at the same place, was suggested to Soddy by Margaret Todd, a Scottish physician and family friend, during a conversation in which he explained his ideas to her. In 1914 T. W. Richards found variations between the atomic weight of lead from different mineral sources, attributable to variations in isotopic composition due to different radioactive origins Stable isotopes The first evidence for isotopes of a stable (non-radioactive) element was found by J. J. Thomson in 1913 as part of his exploration into the composition of canal (positive ions). Thomson channelled streams of neon ions through a magnetic and an electric field and measured their deflection by placing a photographic plate in their path. Each stream created a glowing patch on the plate at the point it struck. Thomson observed two separate patches of light on the photographic plate (see image), which suggested two different parabolas of deflection. Thomson eventually concluded that some of the atoms in the neon gas were of higher mass than the rest. F. W. Aston subsequently discovered different stable isotopes for numerous elements sing a mass spectrograph. In 1919 Aston studied neon with sufficient resolution to show that the two isotopic masses are very close to the integers 20 and 22, and that neither is equal to the known molar mass (20. 2) of neon gas. This is an example of Astons whole number rule for isotopic masses, which states that large deviations of elemental molar masses from integers are primarily due to the fact that the element is a mixture of isotopes. Aston similarly showed that the molar mass of chlorine (35. 45) is a weighted average of the almost integral masses for the two isotopes Cl-35 and Cl-37. Relative atomic mass An atomic weight (relative atomic mass) of an element from a specified source is the ratio of the average mass per atom of the element to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of 12C The relative masses of atoms are measured using an instrument called a mass spectrometer, invented by the English physicist Francis William Aston (1877-1945) when ne was working in Cambridge wit J J. Thomson. It was in his use ot this instrument that the existence of isotopes of elements was discovered. Aston eventually discovered many of the naturally occurring isotopes of non-radioactive elements. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1922. Briefly, the mass pectrometer works by bombarding gaseous atoms with fast-moving electrons which knock out an electron from the atom. The cations formed are brought down on to a detector in turn according to their mass. The instrument provides a measure of the relative mass (compared to 12C) and the relative number of each isotope. The diagrams below represent the mass spectrum of naturally occurring chlorine. The above right spectrum has been represented so that the most abundant isotope has a relative abundance of 100%, with the other mass peaks scaled in relation to this. The relative atomic mass of chlorine is now calculated as shown below: